Tests starting with the letter H
Laboratory Test Guide: Tests Beginning with the Letter "H"
A complete list of all tests beginning with the letter "H" performed at Egemed Hospitals’ Medical Laboratories is provided below. To help our patients understand these tests in advance, a brief medical description of each test group and its intended laboratory use are clearly stated.
Microbiology, Virology, and Molecular PCR Tests
HBsAg
HBV DNA
Hepatitis B Virus YMDD Mutation Analysis
HEPATITIS D VIRUS (HDV) ANTIGEN
HEPATITIS D VIRUS (HDV) ANTIBODY
HDV RNA
Description: This test examines Hepatitis B—which causes liver inflammation—and the Hepatitis D (Delta) virus—which can replicate only in the presence of the Hepatitis B virus—at the levels of antigens, antibodies, and direct genetic material (DNA/RNA). The development of resistance is detected through YMDD mutation analysis.
Purpose: To establish a definitive diagnosis of acute or chronic hepatitis B and D infections, monitor the rate of viral replication, and determine whether the virus has developed resistance to the antiviral medications the patient is taking.
HCV RNA
HCV GENOTYPE DETERMINATION
HCV RIBO (serum)
Description: This RIBO test detects the genetic material (RNA) of the hepatitis C virus in the blood using the PCR method, determines the virus’s genotype (Genotypes 1, 2, 3, etc.), and confirms positive results from preliminary antibody tests.
Purpose: To determine whether a hepatitis C infection is active, to identify the appropriate antiviral treatment protocol, and to monitor the success of treatment.
HIV Duo (p24 Antigen + Anti-HIV)
HIV Western Blot
HIV-1 Viral Load
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV)-1 RNA PCR
Description: These are tests for the HIV virus, which causes AIDS: fourth-generation screening (Duo), gold-standard confirmation (Western blot), and genetic (RNA PCR/viral load) analyses that measure the amount of virus in the blood.
Purpose: To detect HIV infection at the earliest stage following suspected exposure, to confirm positive screening test results, and to monitor whether the viral load in the blood of patients receiving treatment has been reduced to zero.
HSV Type 1 IgM and IgG
HSV Type 2 IgM and IgG
HSV Types 1-2 Western Blot
HSV PCR
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS (HSV) 1/2 DNA PCR, EDTA-Containing Plasma
Description: This test detects the Herpes Simplex virus—which causes cold sores (Type 1) and genital herpes (Type 2)—both through antibody levels and by directly detecting its genetic material (DNA).
Purpose: To establish a definitive diagnosis of genital lesions and to ensure the urgent diagnosis of herpes encephalitis (brain inflammation), which can be fatal, particularly in newborns and immunocompromised patients.
HPV Genotyping (RT-PCR)
Description: This is the classification of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes—including both high-risk (Types 16, 18, etc.) and low-risk subtypes—based on samples taken from a cervical (cervix) swab.
Purpose: It is the most critical screening test for detecting, at an early stage, the risk of cellular changes in women that could develop into cervical cancer.
Serology and Immunology Tests
Helicobacter Pylori Antibodies IgA and IgG
HELICOBACTER PYLORI IgA
HELICOBACTER PYLORI IgG, ELISA
Description: This test measures the immune response (antibodies) in the blood against the H. pylori bacterium, which lives in the stomach lining and is resistant to stomach acid.
Purpose: To screen for whether the patient has previously been exposed to this bacterium and to determine whether the cause of the patient’s stomach ulcer or gastritis symptoms is microbial.
Heterophil Antibody
HETEROPHIL ANTIBODY SCREENING
Description: Rapid detection of a specific antibody that appears in human blood during Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection (Monotest).
Objective: To rapidly diagnose infectious mononucleosis (kissing disease), which is characterized by severe sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, and fever.
Biochemistry, Tumor Markers, and Cardiology
hs Troponin I
hs-CRP (High-Sensitivity CRP)
Description: These are hs-CRP tests that measure high-sensitivity (hs) levels of the troponin protein—which is rapidly released into the bloodstream when heart muscle cells are damaged—to assess chronic, low-grade inflammation within blood vessels.
Purpose: This test is used on an emergency or routine basis to accurately diagnose a heart attack (myocardial infarction) within the first few hours and to predict a person’s future risk of cardiovascular disease.
HE4 and RISK ASSESSMENT (ROMA Index)
Description: Human epididymal protein 4 (HE4) is an important tumor marker released into the bloodstream, particularly during the process of cancer development in ovarian tissue.
Purpose: When used in conjunction with the CA-125 test, it is intended to distinguish whether a pelvic mass (ovarian cyst) in women is benign or malignant (cancer) (ROMA risk).
HISTAMINE, Plasma
Description: This test measures the key chemical released by mast cells in the body that triggers allergic and inflammatory reactions.
Purpose: Used in the diagnosis of severe and life-threatening allergic shock (anaphylaxis) and a rare blood/skin disorder called mastocytosis.
Hematology and Genetic Testing
Hematocrit
HAPTOGLOBIN
HEMOGLOBIN ELECTROPHORESIS (HPLC)
Description: These are hematology tests that examine the volume of red blood cells in the blood (hematocrit), the protein-binding structure formed during blood breakdown (haptoglobin), and the genetic subtypes of the hemoglobin protein that carries oxygen in the blood (electrophoresis).
Purpose: This test is used to diagnose anemia and intravascular hemolysis, as well as to provide a definitive diagnosis of hereditary disorders such as Mediterranean Anemia (Thalassemia) and Sickle Cell Anemia.
HEMOCHROMATOSIS (2 Mutations)
HLA-B51
Description: Screening for mutations in the HFE gene that impair iron absorption and analysis of a specific genetic surface marker (B51) belonging to the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system.
Purpose: To detect hereditary hemochromatosis, a condition characterized by iron accumulation in the organs, and to support the genetic diagnosis of Behçet’s disease, which is characterized by oral and genital ulcers.